The FLEC® has been validated and used in research for many years.
Below is a publication list of journal articles, abstracts, poster or oral presentations where the FLEC or CHEMATEC’s other products have been in focus.
If you have anything that can be added to the list, we encourage you to contact CHEMATEC.
1998 |
Wolkoff, Peder Impact of air velocity, temperature, humidity, and air on long-term voc emissions from building products Journal Article In: Atmospheric Environment, vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 2659 - 2668, 1998, ISSN: 1352-2310. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Air velocity, building products, emission testing, FLEC, relative humidity, repeatability, temperature, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) @article{WOLKOFF19982659,The emissions of two volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of concern from five building products (BPs) were measured in the field and laboratory emission cell (FLEC) up to 250d. The BPs (VOCs selected on the basis of abundance and low human odor thresholds) were: nylon carpet with latex backing (2-ethylhexanol, 4-phenylcyclohexene), PVC flooring (2-ethylhexanol, phenol), floor varnish on pretreated beechwood parquet (butyl acetate, N-methylpyrrolidone), sealant (hexane, dimethyloctanols), and waterborne wall paint on gypsum board (1,2-propandiol, Texanol). Ten different climate conditions were tested: four different air velocities from ca. 1cms-1 to ca. 9cms-1, three different temperatures (23, 35, and 60°C), two different relative humidities (0% and 50% RH), and pure nitrogen instead of clean air supply. Additionally, two sample specimen and two different batches were compared for repeatability and homogeneity. The VOCs were sampled on Tenax TA and determined by thermal desorption and gas chromatography (FID). Quantification was carried out by individual calibration of each VOC of concern. Concentration/time profiles of the selected VOCs (i.e. their concentration decay curves over time) in a standard room were used for comparison. Primary source emissions were not affected by the air velocity after a few days to any great extent. Both the temperature and relative humidity affected the emission rates, but depended strongly on the type of BP and type of VOC. Secondary (oxidative) source emissions were only observed for the PVC and for dimethyloctanols from the sealant. The time to reach a given concentration (emission rate) appears to be a good approach for future interlaboratory comparisons of BP’s VOC emissions. |
Uhde, E; Borgschulte, A; Salthammer, T Characterization of the field and laboratory emission cell—FLEC: Flow field and air velocities Journal Article In: Atmospheric Environment, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 773 - 781, 1998, ISSN: 1352-2310. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Air velocity, Chambers, emission rate, FLEC, flow field, VOC @article{UHDE1998773,Abstract The Field and Laboratory Emission Cell (FLEC) has been designed for VOC emission testing of material surfaces. Knowledge about the air flow field in the cell compartment is highly desired, as the air velocity at the sample surface may considerably influence the emission behaviour. A simple mathematical approach of flow theory predicted an unevenly distributed air flow into the FLEC. This could be confirmed by air velocity measurements using a self-constructed hot-wire anemometer. With a total flow of 250 ml min−1, air velocities measured at the surface ranged from ⩽ 0.1 to 0.9 cm s−1. A surface area of very low air velocities was detected in the FLEC centre with a radius of ≈20 mm. A VOC emission test using a simulated punctual source yielded different emission rates at different locations in the cell compartment. |